Research-Based

งานวิจัย : ปัญหาการปรับตัวและวิธีแก้ไขของนักเรียนประถมศึกษา
Elementary Schools Students' Adjustment Problems and Methods of Problem Solving

โดย :

บทคัดย่อ ภาษาอังกฤษ

Abstract
The objectives of this research were to (i) study the elementary school students’ adjustment problems, methods of problem solving and their consequences; (ii) to compare the adjustment problems and the ability in adjustment between different patterns of child-rearing practice and (iii) to study the variables related to the ability in adjustment of the students who had different patterns of child-rearing practice.
The samples consisted of 343 students from Prathomsuksa 5 and 6 of the academic year 1994. They were selected from the elementary school in Khon Kaen municipality area by two-stage sampling. The instruments were (i) a student background questionnaire, (ii) an adjustment problems test including methods of problem solving used and the results, (iii) an ability in adjustment test, and (iv) a child-rearing practices test. Mean, percentage, one-way analysis of variance, Newman Keuls and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis were used for the analysis of the data.
The results obtained were as follows :
1.The elementary school students in this study had low level of adjustment problems. The problems found in this study were arranged from the most to the least respectively, these problems concerned with the following domains : personality, academic, family, peer relation-ship and teacher-student relationship. The greatest problems in these domains were listed in the following orders. The problem in the family domain was parents’ restriction. The problem in the academic domain was the students’ inability to manage their time. The problem in the teacher-student relationship domain was teachers’ injustice. The problem in the peer relationship domain dealt with friends’ teasing and bullying. Lastly, the problem in personality domain was students’ unstable emotions.
2.Four methods of problem solving used by the students in this study were inaction, self-correction, defensive coping and direct coping. In comparison the most often used method was self-correction.
3.The elementary school students solved the adjustment problems quite well. However, the teacher-student relationship domain was better solved than the others.
4.When taking the patterns of child-rearing practice into considerations, the data revealed that the students with love-oriented practice had more adjustment problems than the others. Whereas the students with reasoning-oriented practice together with self dependent-oriented practice had the least adjustment problems. Moreover, the students with self-dependent oriented practice had more adjustment problems than those with reasoning-oriented practice. This difference is significant at greater than .05.
5.In terms of the ability in adjustment, it was found that all students with any patterns of child-rearing practice had good adjustment ability. However, the students with reasoning-oriented practice together with self dependent-oriented practice had better ability in adjustment than the others. Whereas the students with self dependent-oriented practice had the least ability in adjustment.